Anglo Saxon Scops :: English Literature Writing

Anglo Saxon Scops The written word has existed for thousands of years, with the style and subject matter of literature changing to fit the times. English literature is no different, with three distinct periods of writing (Old English, Middle English and modern English). As the earliest period of documented literature, the Old English period is marked by the primitive styles and language of the Anglo Saxon people. Though they were sea-faring warriors, the Anglo Saxons were capable of strong emotions, best captured in poetry. However, these works were not written down. Rather, they were recited or sung. Some men even devoted their lives to this purpose. These skilled minstrels were known as scops. The scop was an Anglo-Saxon poet who was commissioned by the early Germanic kings or soldiers to entertain them by reciting the poetry to the accompaniment of a harp or a similarly stringed instrument. From the Old English word â€Å"scieppan†, scop means to create, form or shape. The scop was also referred to as a gleeman, from the Old English word â€Å"gleoman†, who was a musician or performer. Though the scop was a performer, like the gleeman, the work of the scop was more artistic, as the name denotes. Unlike the gleeman, scops also wrote and performed their own poetry. Also, they had to be able to insert fitting verse where necessary, depending upon the occasion or celebration . Scops were known to travel from village to village; however, many had permanent posts in the king’s court or mead halls. Usually, they performed for great feasts, celebrations, or the homecoming of soldiers from war. Their performances were usually short, but there were usually many lines of verse. Beowulf itself is over 3000 lines long. Any given song could deal with events from the present, such as battles won or recent adventures had. In Beowulf, the scop announced Beowulf’s triumph over Grendel the morning after the deed. Some songs might deal with figures from the past like the ancestors of the Anglo Saxons. Other subjects reflected in the poetry include the sea, brave deeds, glory of warriors, and the love of home. Scops were also commissioned to write elegies or songs for the dead. It was considered an honor to have a scop sing one's praise or mourn one’s death. But, regardless of the subject matter, the theme was lofty and its tone was earnest.

Speech on Marijuana Legalization

A well-known issue, right now, in the USA is that of the legalization of marijuana. This controversial topic is on the minds of our entire country. Whether or not to legalize marijuana has been a nation wide debate for years. In this informative speech I will be discussing only facts and opinions. Opinions and facts will come from organizations such as The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, Marijuana Legalization Organization and the Drug Policy Alliance. Marijuana Legalization is an issue because there are so many individuals using the substance illegally. These individuals feel that Marijuana is not a harmful substance and can serve to profit states that legalize it. The biggest concern on everyone’s mind is that of health risks. Most people feel that it is in the best interest of the nation for marijuana to remain illegal. Marijuana Legalization Organization states that that is not entirely true. â€Å"Health considerations provide arguments to avoid excessive use of marijuana, but ultimately each individual should be allowed the personal freedom to decide whether or not to use marijuana. (MLO) In their opinion, as with anything taken in excess, marijuana is only harmful to those who choose to use it. The example used in MLO is that of an excess amount of unhealthy food. â€Å"[N]umerous studies have shown that foods with a lot of cholesterol and fat are unhealthy. Should we outlaw bacon? †(MLO) The thought is that instead we need to educate individuals and let people make their own decisions as we do with things like fatty foods, cigarettes and Alcohol. â€Å"A recent survey of research found that long term marijuana use did not have a significant effect on cognitive abilities. The report was published in the July 2003 Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. † This is also stated in the list of facts about marijuana on the Drug Policy Alliance Website. They state that, not only are there no long-term cognitive impairment but, â€Å"[m]arijuana has been proven helpful for treating the symptoms of a variety of medical conditions. † Medical marijuana has proven to be of significant relief for cancer, glaucoma, and aids patients as well as individuals that suffer from neurological disorders. While there are the medical reliefs from the use of Medical marijuana, but DPA also states that the substance has not shown cause of mental illness or to increase risk to cancer. The next claim is that Marijuana is a gateway drug. Webster defines a gateway drug to be â€Å"a drug (as alcohol or marijuana) whose use is thought to lead to the use of and dependence on a harder drug (as cocaine or heroin)†( http://www. merriam-webster. com/) â€Å"Some people claim that using marijuana will make you want to use other drugs, like heroin, cocaine, LSD, amphetamines, and ecstasy. They argue that marijuana acts as a stepping-stone, or a gateway, that leads people to harder drugs. They support their argument with statistics that show that most people who use hard drugs have tried marijuana before. † (MLO) â€Å"There is no conclusive evidence that the effects of marijuana are causally linked to the subsequent use of other illicit drugs. Preliminary animal studies alleging that marijuana â€Å"primed† the brain for other drug-taking behavior have not been replicated, nor are they supported by epidemiological human data. Statistically, for every 104 Americans who have tried marijuana, there is only one regular user of cocaine, and less than one user of heroin. Marijuana is clearly a â€Å"terminus† rather than a gateway for the overwhelming majority of marijuana smokers. † (norml) MLO states â€Å"In essence, the link between marijuana and other illegal drugs stems from the fact that they are illegal. Because they are illegal, marijuana and other drugs are only available on the black market, and anyone who enters the drug market is likely to be exposed to more than one drug. The solution is simple: by legalizing and regulating marijuana sales, we will eliminate the connection to hard drugs. † (MLO) They use Holland as an example. â€Å"In Holland, where politicians decided over 25 years ago to separate marijuana from the illicit drug market by permitting coffee shops all over the country to sell small amounts of marijuana to adults, individuals use marijuana and other drugs at rates less than half of their American counterparts. † (norml. rg) The argument is that, if marijuana were not illegal it would not be a problem. The DPA website states that the majority of the individuals that use marijuana never even use any other illicit drugs. This statement disproves that common misconception about marijuana being a gateway drug. Finally my sources argue that keeping marijuana illegal it is costing more than necessary. MLO claims that â€Å"Cost of keeping marijuana illegal = cost of active law enforcement + cost of prosecution (and defense! of a ccused offenders + cost of incarceration of convicted offenders + hundreds of millions of dollars in tax revenue that would be generated if drugs were legal and taxed + cost of foster care and social services for children of incarcerated offenders. † â€Å"Washington state would save about $105 million a year if marijuana were legally regulated, according to University of Washington Economics professor Dick Startz. † â€Å"The US Federal Government Spends More Than $12 Billion Per Year on Drug Control Programs. Federal drug control budgets do not separate spending by drug, so we there is not a precise figure available for the amount that is spent on marijuana alone. Also, these figures do not include any spending by state or local governments, which are likely to be substantial since state police, courts, and prisons are constantly busy dealing with marijuana offenses. † They also state that â€Å"US Marijuana Crop Estimated to Be Worth Over $35 Billion. A new statistical analysis indicates that marijuana is America's most valuable cash crop. If these figures are even close to the truth, a logical system to regulate and tax marijuana would produce billions of dollars in revenue every year. † According to DPA, the fight that the United States is having against drugs in all is costing $51,000,000,000. They also stated that if California would profit annually an estimated $1,400,000,000 if marijuana were taxed and regulated. There are only two major solutions to this issue; to Legalize or not to legalize that is the question. Legalization could stand to earn the US economic growth but it could also lead to even more people using or abusing the substance. Keeping it illegal could have the government spending money that they don’t necessarily need to spend to regulate the use of this substance or this could be positive a by keeping individuals from abusing it. Only time will tell! Does anyone have any questions?

The Ethical Concepts Of Kantian Ethics Essay - 1043 Words

Morality in Reasons, not Consequences Introduction The philosophy of Kant has become a turning point in the development of the Western thinking and worldview. His innovative and progressive ideas have strongly contributed to the formation of a new paradigm of the universe and role of humans in it. A great role in Kant’s studies belongs to the analysis of ethics, morality and law as the main regulators of the human behavior in the society Kant is known as the founder of the deontological ethics (Kantianism), which presents a rational alternative to the utilitarian ethics and ideas. Particularly, the deontological findings and categorical imperative of Kant prove that it is virtually impossible to act immorally. The aim of this paper is to analyze the ethical concepts of Kantian ethics and prove the fact that acting immorally is irrational and unacceptable. Deontological Concepts of Moral Behavior The investigation of human ethics and morality has formed the main field of interest of many notable philosophers and thinkers. Particularly, Aristotle connected ethics to the good will and pursue of happiness, while J. S. Mill regarded ethics in the willingness of each individual to obtain the pleasure and happiness, in the long run (Loizides, 2013). However, the existed concepts of ethics tend to judge the morality of actions from the prospect of their consequences and results. In other words, the action is moral, if it leads to positive, favorable and useful effects and impactsShow MoreRelatedKantian Ethics And Communitarian Ethics Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagesthis question, I will analyze two concepts: Kantian Ethics and Communitarian Ethics. Using Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine by Bonnie Steinbock, Alex London, and John Arras, I will explain both concepts and their understanding of moral reasoning. Focusing on categorical imperative s and the universality test, I will explain Kantian ethics in reference to the good will. I will then explain Communitarian ethics in reference to collectivism. Using both ethical concepts, I will come to a conclusion forRead MoreA Critique of the Categorical Imperative1689 Words   |  7 Pagescontribution was to the realm of ethics, when he developed the concept of the categorical imperative. He first introduced this idea in 1785 in a book he titled Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. The categorical imperative was a revolutionary idea that contrary to the spirit of its time focused on how the morality of an action was not dependant on its consequences or the intentions of its undertaker, rather solely on the intrinsic moral worth of the action itself. This concept has been challenged sinceRead MoreThe Case Of Engineer James Liang And The Volkswagen Emission Scandal1291 Words   |  6 PagesBut was it ethical? This question will often be asked regarding the case of enginee r James Liang and his role in the Volkswagen emission scandal. During the period of early 2006 to 2014, James Liang and his team of engineers developed a â€Å"defeat† device that allowed diesel powered vehicles to pass the EPA emission test, when in fact the vehicles were emitting up to 30 times the allowable limit. To many, this may seem a black and white case of ethics due to the fact that Liang’s team and VolkswagenRead MoreHow Can We Treat Terror Organizations With Dignity And Respect939 Words   |  4 Pageswhat they do? Finally, how can we treat in an upstanding, ethical manner when they themselves treat no one this way? Philosopher Immanuel Kant maintains that we must treat all persons –bullies, extremists, and terrorists alike - with the human foundations of dignity and respect. In this essay, I will further investigate the ethics of responding to extremism using a Kantian ethical approach. Kantian ethics has its foundation built on the concepts of fairness and justice – two ideas directly opposed byRead MoreThe Theories Of Devine Command Theory, Kantian Ethics, And Cultural Relativism894 Words   |  4 PagesEffective leaders requires an ethical decision making process to establish trust and loyalty through consistent conduct. Examining several ethical theories and concepts allowed me to establish an effective decision making ladder. The concepts of Devine Command theory, Utilitarian Ethical theory, Kantian Ethics, and Cultural Relativism align with my personal values, character and belief system; which is the foundation of my professional and personal decision making process. Devine Command theoryRead MoreKantian Ethical Analysis1614 Words   |  6 Pagesb) - Kantian Ethical Analysis: 1 - Introduction and brief explanation of Kantian ethics: German philosopher Kant was first to introduce the Kantian ethics; hence, the named after him. According to Professor Elizabeth Anscombe, Immanuel Kant was Unitarianism’s rival; he believed actions that are taboo should be completely prohibited at all times. For instance, murder should be prohibited. Even though nowadays a person cannot be punished if death is involved as a self defense, from Kant’s perspectiveRead MoreAssiginment 1 Ethical1713 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Assignment 1 Ethical Dilemmas Legal and Social 115103 Coordinator Name: Jackie Loong Student ID 10189179 Number of words: 1651 Date: 20th August 2013 The definition of an ethical dilemma is a situation that involves conflict between moral imperatives in a way to obey each other. (Shaw,Barry and Sansbury,2009) There is no right or wrong answer when decisions are made. In this situation of the case we have Mike, who is a new accounts payable employee of the soft wear salesRead MoreKantian Ethics1459 Words   |  6 Pagestheir influence on young children`s lives it is their responsibility to make certain that young children will learn to make logical decisions that would contribute in a positive way in society. An ethical theory that would best describe people that influence young children would be Kantian`s ethics. His ethical theory elucidates that morality is when we act based on duty for duty`s sake not for self-interest. For this reason in order to respect the law, a sense of duty to one`s actions is necessary (KantRead MoreKant s Impact On Ethics1389 Words   |  6 Pagesability of human reason to help understand the world a nd solve its numerous problems- including ethical ones. Kant’s contribution to ethics has been very substantial, and although ethics is the field he’s had the most profound impact on, Kant also spent his time working in other areas, such as metaphysics and epistemology. Metaphysics is defined as â€Å"the branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts such as being, knowing, substance, cause, identity, time, and space† (Wikipedia). During hisRead MoreEthics Vs. Kantian Ethics1249 Words   |  5 Pageshistory different philosophical ideas and concepts developed in search for answers to universal questions. Beyond answers, philosophers explored schools of thought that would best govern human decision making. Two prominent ethical theories that arose were utilitarianism and deontological ethics. Both ethical theories developed to establish and justify a set of different moral rules and principles. Utilitarianism, otherwise known as consequentialism, is an ethical theory that sees the best moral decision

Predictions to Support Reading Comprehension

As a teacher, you know how important it is for students with dyslexia to make predictions while reading. You know it helps aid in reading comprehension; helping students both understand and retain the information they have read. The following tips can help teachers reinforce this essential skill. Supply students with a predictions worksheet while reading. You can create a simple worksheet by dividing a piece of paper in half, long ways, and writing Prediction on the left hand half and Evidence on the right hand half. As students read, they stop from time to time and write a prediction on what they think will happen next and write a few key words or phrases to back up why they made this prediction. Have students review the front and back of a book, the table of contents, the chapter names, subheadings and diagrams in a book prior to reading. This helps them gain an understanding of the material before reading and think about what the book may be about. Ask students to list as many possible outcomes of a story as they can think of. You might make this a class activity by reading a portion of a story and asking the class to think about different ways the story might turn out. List all the ideas on the board and review again after reading the rest of the story. Have students go on a treasure hunt in a story. Using a highlighter or having students write clues on a separate paper, go through the story slowly, thinking about the clues the author gives about how the story will end. Remind students to always look for the basics of a story: Who, What, Where, When, Why and How. This information will help them separate the important and nonessential information in the story so they can guess what will happen next. For younger children, go through the book, looking at and discussing the pictures before reading. Ask the student what he thinks is happening in the story. Then read the story to see how well he guessed. For non-fiction reading, help students identify the main topic sentence. Once students can quickly identify the main idea, they can make predictions about how the rest of the paragraph or section will provide information to back up this sentence. Predictions are closely related to inferences. To accurately make predictions students must understand not on ly what the author said, but what the author is implying. Help students understand how to make inferences while they are reading. Read a story, stopping before you reach the ending. Have each student write their own ending to the story. Explain there is no right or wrong answers, that each student brings their own perspective to the story and wants it to end in their own way. Read the endings aloud so students can see the different possibilities. You can also have students vote on which ending they think will most closely match the authors ending. Then read the rest of the story. Make predictions in steps. Have students look at the title and the front cover and make a prediction. Have them read the back cover or the first few paragraphs of the story and review and revise their prediction. Have them read more of the story, maybe a few more paragraphs or maybe the rest of the chapter (based on the age and the length of the story), and review and revise their prediction. Continue doing this until you have reached the end of the story. Make predictions about more than story endings. Use a students previous knowledge about a subject to predict what concepts are discussed in a chapter. Use vocabulary to discern what non-fiction text will be about. Use knowledge of an authors other works to predict writing style, plot or the structure of a book. Use the type of text, for example a textbook, to predict how information is presented. Share your predictions with the class. Students model teachers behaviors so if they see you making predictions and guessing about the ending to a story, they will be more apt to employ this skill as well. Offer three possible endings to a story. Have the class vote on which ending they think matches the authors. Allow for plenty of practice. As with any skill, it improves with practice. Stop often in reading to ask the class for predictions, use worksheets and model predictions skills. The more students see and use predictions skills, the b etter they will be at making predictions. Â   References: Helping Students Develop Strong Content Area Reading Skills, 201, Joelle Brummitt-Yale, K12Readers.com Tips for Teaching: Comprehension Strategies, Date Unknown, Staff Writer, LearningPage.com

Lessons Learned on Becoming a Better Person - 1106 Words

The authors of the essays we read this semester, all had the same idea of becoming a better person. All of them wanted us to stand up for ourselves and take control of our lives. Four essays stood out to me this semester that I believe really bring this idea to life. â€Å"What Really Scares Us† tell us how to take control of our life with numbers and facts. â€Å"Aria† tell us how to become a more competent person with making sacrifices. â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† tells us to stand for ourselves by telling a story of a man being forced by others. Finally, â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† contains all these elements as a slave learns to read. David Ropeik had a bold approach to tell his readers to take control of their lives and stop being afraid. In†¦show more content†¦Orwell is looking for accuses and avoids taking responsibility because he feels bad that he killed the animal. â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† shows the readers how not to ac t. A stronger person would have gone with their initial intentions of not killing the elephant, instead of succumbing to the wishes of the crowd, just to give them what they want. â€Å"And if that happened it was quite probable that some of them would laugh. That would never do. There was only one alternative. I shoved the cartridges into the magazine and lay down on the road to get a better aim.† (Orwell 71). He killed the elephant for them. If he were able to stand up for himself, he would have kept his dignity and walked away. Finally, in Frederick Douglass’s essay, â€Å"Learning to Read and Write†, I believe this embodies the most effective lesson in how to stand up for yourself, be a competent person, and take control of your life. Douglass, being a slave, meant already at the start he had to overcome adversity in his life. â€Å"I often found myself regretting my own existence, and wishing myself dead.† (Douglass 354) Even with the mindset he was in, he was able to stand up against his oppressors by teaching himself to read and write. By disobeying, he proves to take control of his life and make it how he wants it to be. He goes through so many obstacles so he could learn. His passion truly represents what all these authorsShow MoreRelatedKey Components Of Reading As A Student s Interest863 Words   |  4 PagesDuring this class I learned a vast amount of useful strategies, skills, and resources that have enhanced my literacy knowledge and to that were helpful for to become better a reading teacher. One of the major components of the class that I have learned and fully understand are the five major components of reading which include phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, comprehension, and fluency. I was able to see the importance of each one of those and how they consecutively build off one anotherRead MoreReflection Essay845 Words   |  4 Pagesare simple things in life that do help, but these lessons do not help in developing as a person. I believe in the lessons we learn about how people work, and how we work, matter more than simple tasks. In The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch, a man who is dying of cancer capitalizes on these life lessons that contribute to our development as people, he introspects himself. I would like to look into myself and explain what life lessons I have learned and why they matter to me. Judging: the way to ignoranceRead MoreMy Personal Essay : My Philosophy Of Philosophy755 Words   |  4 Pagesgradually help you in becoming morally better. Personally, I believe philosophy can help create tolerance or a diverse understanding for differences of opinions in this complex and corrupt society. Now this could be confusing, so bare with me. As I explained, I believe if one studies philosophy or simply grasp on one of the many subtopics it contains, then it could possibly reconstruct your apprehension to others and mold you into an open minded person. â€Å"Becoming morally better† doesn’t steam fromRead MoreWhat I Have Learned About Life1111 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Have I Learned About Life When a person is born there is a really no end to the learning that occurs from that point forward. There are the learning basics that occur from birth to about eleven years old but after that it’s mostly just learning on your own. Parents do what they can to lead us in the right direction but ultimately it is our own decisions that determine the path of our lives. In my lifetime I personally have made a lot of mistakes and have learned a lot of lessons over the yearsRead MoreThe Importance of Team sports in Child Development751 Words   |  3 Pageswhat they have. Every parents wish is to give their child everything they couldnt have growing up when they were little themselves. Parent also want their kids to develop a good structural foundation of social skills and behavioral skills. What a better way for these parents children to develop these skills then putting them through team sports. The saying has always been that there is no I in team, and that is so an individual d oes not possess the need to care about oneself and puts his teamRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Father1098 Words   |  5 Pagesbut with the voice behind his tongue. This way, he was not to blame for the insults he threw out. That was not me speaking, he would say. It was the voice underneath. This tactic worked well for him, he yelled without ever raising his voice. I learned how to cry without shedding a single tear. I was sat at the wooden kitchen table, legs crossed on the chair, my hand gripping a freshly-sharpened number two pencil. My father was sat directly across from me, his chair inches away from our glass backRead MoreCommunity Life And Civic Engagement1418 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the assistance that one does to another, the deed does not have to be big, as long as the person providing the assistance is doing it with a good heart they can always acknowledge a lesson. Compassion and love is necessary in helping others. When people have the opportunity to help othe rs they may not always get a gift in return, sometimes they may not even get a reply back. This is when the person has to realize that the purpose of helping someone is not for the thank you or the gift, but isRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Analysis1327 Words   |  6 Pagesmakes many mistakes along his journey in becoming a real boy; those mistakes taught him a valuable lesson and built him to be a better person. Life lessons learned in, â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight†, portray the importance of promises being kept and the right in being honest; due to Gawain’s inadequacies, he lied and decided to do something unchivalrous which proves the lesson that he is not in fact a perfect knight after all, whereas, life lessons learned in, â€Å"The Wife of Baths Tale†, promoteRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School852 Words   |  4 Pagesbeyond sad. College can be difficulty especially with everyday life is getting harder to main family life work an d financials. Because college is challenging, I know that I have issues that I must overcome. I told myself the more patient s I have the better success I will have. Although college will be difficult my goal is to gain the knowledge. I need to improve through my life challenges so that I won t end up a statistic. I m in this class for three reasons, to learn, read and write on collegeRead MoreMy Strengths And Weaknesses Of My Writing977 Words   |  4 Pagesway English 101 felt to me. I learned important skills and techniques that I will maintain even though the course is over. I will be constantly improving what I have learned—meaning I will work to carry about my strengths and eliminate my remaining weaknesses. English 101 has helped me grow as a reader, a writer, and most importantly a person. My writing has progressed during the term by becoming more specific and sophisticated on an analytic level. I have learned to closely observe what I am reading

What Ethics of Care in Nursing Means to Me Free Essays

My definition of Ethic of Care is caring for individuals equally throughout all cultural backgrounds while using a precise fair code of ethics. It is extremely pertinent that ethic of care be implemented into nursing care in order for this to happen we must first understand the meaning of ethics. Ethics is the ideal actions of right and wrong behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on What Ethics of Care in Nursing Means to Me or any similar topic only for you Order Now With that said Ethic of Care should be looked at as a standard of nursing that must be met. When I become a nurse I will implement ethic of care in various ways. When I am assigned a patient I will be sure that their comfort level is maximized given the situation and most importantly I will communicate in my verbal and no-verbal behavior that the patient is of high importance. I will let the patient know that I will do any and everything in my power to address their situation as unique and in the most caring and respectable manor. Like theorist Leineger, I think that it is important to consider culture when developing a plan of care for the patient. A successful nurse does not address all patients an all cultures the same. By knowing and staying on top of the most recent research regarding cultural care the nurse increases the chances of a patient having a positive experience as opposed to a negative experience at that specific facility. Another theorist, Watson, demonstrates that care is the single most important component of nursing and everything else revolves around it. As a nurse I plan to use Ethic of Care as the major factor around nursing and use that as the foundation and move forward from there. Without the implementation of Ethic of Care you do not have a â€Å"nurse† looking at it from the ideal perspective. How to cite What Ethics of Care in Nursing Means to Me, Papers

Business Leadership Management Leading A Change Management

Question: Discuss about the Business Leadership Management for Leading a change Management. Answer: 1. The operating environment has a prominent effect on the organization and its employees. It is important that the company management should recognize the cultural values of the organization and demonstrate them through their actions and decisions. The company culture should orient the new employees on the values and norms of the company and they should restrain themselves from actions that are against the cultural values. The individual organization blend that is applicable to the external environment demands is rapidly changing and increasingly hostile. This contention is accepted by the fact that the role of the manager requires internal resource understanding that is possessed by the firm, demands that are based on the environmental structure that is required for the operation of the firm and the application and structuring of the resources (Pugh and Bourgeois 2011). The understanding nature is in a constant flux state that extends to the processes and policies that were effect ive in the past but are not sure to be effective in future as well. Better environment of working is important for achieving the goals of the organization smoothly and the target of the organizations profit is set that are based on the performance and culture of the organization. However, the employees perform well as they live in the company's corporate culture. This proves that the environment and organizational culture have influenced the performance of the employees. Higher motivational environment promotes the maximum potential of the employees and helps to achieve the organizational goals. 2. The firm (an information technology company) has the ability to interpret, quick response and identify the environmental indications that state that change is essential. The firm needs to identify the areas of change and its key areas like technological infrastructures, decision-making and management practices and marketing strategies. Since the firm under consideration is strong in the areas of marketing strategy, therefore, it should focus on the other two parameters for promoting future change (Reeves and Deimler 2011). The firm believes in the willingness to take risks by trying new ventures in its marketing strategies on a frequent basis. This helps to develop different strategies for new products and change the faulty strategies for the existing products. Stockholders help to minimize the risk and reduce the investment in excess of new ventures as the certainty of success of these risks are very much doubtful. There should be a strong level of application and adoption during the application of new technologies by the firm, which is an area where the firm desires an improvement. Introduction of a change in technology presents a completely new set of challenges for its management and the competent administration of the project (Lippert and Govindarajulu 2015). Therefore, for the future adoption of the technology into the system, the managers are held responsible for maneuvering the technological innovation and its application in routine use. The firm would like to take specific actions for developing its capability profile for ethically and competently manage a complex, behaviorally inconsistent and unpredictable stakeholders network. This will be done by identifying the various groups of stakeholders and their claims and interests on the organization, created values and activities. The company also aims at inspiring and enthuse its employees at all the levels of the firm for developing a winning culture that will help to shape and change the future, especially in the areas where the firm lags. It can be made by developing the standard of core and conduct of values that the leaders demonstrate and the employees follow them (Fullan 2014). From the above key concept exercise, it can be seen that the firm is effective in the area of marketing strategies and improvement is desirable in the areas of technological infrastructures and decision-making. Technological infrastructure can be improved through performance-based management where the company needs build a strong level of competence in the adoption and application of new technologies. Lack of appropriate information causes uncertainty in the assessment of performance that affects decision-making. Therefore, the firm should have the willingness to take risks for trying new things frequently on a regular basis. References Fullan, M., 2014.Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Lippert, S.K. and Govindarajulu, C., 2015. Technological, organizational, and environmental antecedents to web services adoption.Communications of the IIMA,6(1), p.14. Pugh, J. and Bourgeois III, L.J., 2011. Doing strategy.Journal of Strategy and Management,4(2), pp.172-179. Reeves, M. and Deimler, M. (2011) Adaptability: the new competitive advantage,Harvard Business Review, 89 (7/8), pp.135-141.